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|  Our perception of what we see as right and wrong in fisheries is formed by the ethical standards we apply. These underpin our assessment of many issues, including those of food security, of critical importance for many of the world?s most vulnerable people, and safety at sea, an important concern for what is perhaps the world?s most dangerous occupation. Emergencies arise in fisheries. We need to consider how we avoid the most damaging impacts and what to do to mitigate the damage that cannot be avoided. How we use the fish and fish products we produce and the role of trade are also issues that are frequently raised. Finally, the issue of climate change is raised and an attempt is made to assess the likely impact on fisheries of this phenomenon.Fisheries use natural renewable resources and other resources as raw material on which the sector depends. Renewable resources include aquatic species, land, and water. Other resources are artificially generated, such as hatchery-produced seeds, feeds and fertilisers. Human and financial resources for the sector are obviously important but not addressed in this section. Fisheries resources are finite and the sector needs to compete for them with other types of uses. Capture fisheries resources are usually considered, used and managed on a stock-by-stock basis. They are impacted by fisheries as well as other polluting and degrading economic activities. The state of marine resources have raised concern as about 28% of them are more or less seriously overfished (data for 1999). The state of inland capture fisheries is poorly known but is likely to deserve equal concern in most regions and reflect a much greated environmental impact. | | |  Aquaculture uses and produces a wide variety of animal and plant species such as finfish; shrimp, prawns and crabs; clams, oysters and mussels as well as seaweeds and other aquatic plants. The most harvested species in recent years have been the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and the Silver Carp (Hypophthalimichthys molitrix). | | | | While it is usually advisable to use local species, introduced (or alien) species are responsible for approximately 17 percent of the world's finfish production and have significant social and economic impact. Genetic resources are the foundation on which species, stocks and genetically-improved strains are based. The culture of several important species still relies on the collection of brood stock or seed from natural populations (e.g. for shrimp culture). Aquafeed resources production is one of the fastest expanding agricultural industries in the world, with growth rates in excess of 30 percent per year. | | | | Aquaculture has grown at 10% per year since the late 1980s compared to 3% for livestock for the same period and a quarter of the fish eaten in the world now comes from aquaculture which produced close to 40 million tonnes in 1998. | | | | |
 | | | | | Field Guide of Shark and Rays of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden
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| | The Field Guide of Shark and Rays of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden is now available from FAO Website | |
Read more at http://www.fao.org/fi/SIDP.
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| Fabio Carocci
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1076 Topics - 5135 Related Knowledge - 2534 Members - 34 Editors |
