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| | The importance of shipping | | |  The first water transport was probably nothing more than a log used to cross a stream. That journey may have taken place during the Ice Age or much earlier when our ancestral hominids spread from Africa. During the historic period dating back to 5,000 BC, sails were already in use, the first illustrations of sailing ships are from Egypt, and seafarers began to venture into the sea. | | | | Some of them went in search of new lands and different peoples with whom they could trade. At first they must have kept to the coastline, moving along it slowly and fearfully, for by then they would have learnt that the sea was dangerous and capricious and can turn from calm to storm within a few hours. According to one story, in 609 BC a Phoenician ship left Suez, intending to keep the coast to starboard, and four years later arrived back in Egypt, having sailed right round Africa. But eventually curiosity triumphed over timidity and at some point seafarers set out for the horizon and kept going until, the familiar coast had disappeared. | | | | Despite the uncertainties and dangers involved, it soon became apparent that trading by sea had advantages over trading by land. Land traders had mountains ranges and deserts to contend with and had to go miles out of their way to avoid them: ships could go more or less in straight lines. And ships could carry more goods more cheaply than horses and camels.
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 | | | | | | | Title | NOAA TAP (the Trajectory Analysis Planner)
( WEBSITE )
| | Description | TAP presents graphical output in four modes: * Shoreline Impact Analysis helps to answer: If oil is spilled at a given spot, what shoreline locations are likely to be affected? * Site Oiling Analysis, helps you visualize how a given location of concern would be likely to be oiled by a spill at a given location. * Resource Analysis helps you estimate the level of response needed to adequately address impacts if modeled spills, and the quantity of a particular resource that could be impacted by given spills. * Threat Zone Analysis helps to answer: Where might a spill occur that could threaten a particular shoreline location of concern? | | Keywords | NOAA; TAP; TRAJECTORY ANALYSIS; OIL; SPILL | | Geography Keywords | US; USA; UNITED STATES | | Content Language(s) | English | | Web Address (URL) | http://response.restorat ... /tap.html | |
| Type of Website | Institutional website | |
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1076 Topics - 5135 Related Knowledge - 2534 Members - 34 Editors |
