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| | | Island Ecosystems |
Maintained by NOAA
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| | Types of island ecosystems | | |  An island is a body of land, smaller than a continent, completely surrounded by water. Plants and animals of island ecosystems have many distinctive features, often related to the type of island: - old continental islands e.g. New Caledonia and New Zealand, originally part of a continent
- oceanic islands, generally volcanic and short lived e.g. Hawai'i
- coral atolls (see photo of Palmyra Atoll)
- small, numerous islands e.g. red mangrove islets in the tropics, sand islets of the Caribbean and Indian Ocean, and
- barrier islands parallel and close to the mainland coast.
| | Photo title: Palmyra Atoll, Pacific Ocean | | Photo credit: Kim Cobb, Scripps Institution of Oceanography | | | | Island biogeography | | |  Island ecosystems have been studied because they are simpler than ocean ecosystems. Even clusters of islands are simpler to study. Islands provide natural “experiments” for research because of their number, variation in shape, size, degree of isolation and ecology. Oceanic islands near continents may have continental plants and animals. More isolated islands may have endemic species. One of the key relationships in island biogeography is the area-biodiversity curve. Generally the larger the island, the more diverse the plants and animals. To put it another way, environmental diversity is correlated with island area. | | Photo title: Bahia Azul, Panama, a great chaenopsid collecting site | | Photo credit: P A Hastings, Scripps Institution of Oceanography | | |  More recent interest in island biogeography has had an impact on conservation biology. Many features of island ecosystems are relevant to ecosystem conservation elsewhere, on land as well as in the oceans. Island ecosystems have helped our understanding of:- fragmentation (leading to insularization)
- creation of biotic communities, and
- species extinction.
| | Photo title: Acanthemblemaria mangognatha, a new tube blenny endemic to Islas Revillagigedos, Mexico | | Photo credit: D R Robertson | | | | |
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| Barrow Island takes on CO2 liability for LNG project
by Scott, J.Sethuraman, D., Bloomberg News 18 September 2009 | |
| | Three multinational oil companies will proceed with a liquefied natural gas development, Australia's biggest single investment, at Barrow Island off the northwest coast. One condition is that Australia’s government assume liability for potential damages resulting from leaks of carbon dioxide to be stored under the ocean. Oil and gas producers are paying to bury carbon instead of releasing it into the atmosphere because developed nations want to tax emissions. | |
Read more at http://www.bloomberg.com ... EVpdXI110.
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