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The Right to Food
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Access to food: a fundamental need and right
 
Since its inception, the United Nations has identified access to adequate food as both an individual right and a collective responsibility. The 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaimed that "everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and his family, including food?". Nearly 20 years later, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966) developed these concepts more fully, stressing "the right of everyone to ? adequate food" and specifying "the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger".
 
So, what is the distinction between the right to be free from hunger and the right to adequate food? The right to freedom from hunger is fundamental. This means that the state has an obligation to ensure, at the very least, that people do not starve. As such, this right is intrinsically linked to the right to life. In addition, however, states should also do everything possible to promote full enjoyment of the right to adequate food for everyone within their territory -- in other words, people should have physical and economic access at all times to food that is sufficient in quantity and quality for a healthy and active life. For food to be considered adequate, it must also be culturally acceptable and it must be produced in a manner that is environmentally and socially sustainable. Finally, its provision should not interfere with the enjoyment of other human rights -- for example, acquiring enough food for an adequate diet should not be so costly as to threaten the satisfaction of other socio-economic rights, or be fulfilled to the detriment of civil and political rights.
 
 
 
 
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News
Events
Websites
General information on FAO small-scale fisheries Web site FAO Small-scale fisheries General information on FAO small-scale fisheries Web site 
In-depth focus on food security Food: a fundamental human right In-depth focus on food security 
Web site of the High-Level Conference on World Food Security: the Challenges of Climate Change and Bioenergy June 3-5, 2008: High-Level Conference on World Food Security: the Cha...d Bioenergy Web site of the High-Level Conference on World Food Security: the Challenges of...  
Website on FAO's Special Programme for Food Security Special Programme for Food Security Website on FAO's Special Programme for Food Security Editor's ChoiceEditor's Choice
FAO Legal Office website on international standards and UN documents on right to food The Right to Food  FAO Legal Office website on international standards and UN documents on right t...  
Site of Olivier de Schutter, UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food Site of Olivier de Schutter, UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food...  
Official website of the FAO-hosted World Food Summit: five years later (June 2002) World Food Summit: five years later Official website of the FAO-hosted World Food Summit: five years later (June 20...  
Documents
Guidelines to support the progressive realization of the right to adequate food in the context of national food security FAO VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES: Right to food Guidelines to support the progressive realization of the right to adequate food...  
Technical background papers for the World Food Summit: five years later (June 2002) Mobilizing the political will and resources to banish world hunger Technical background papers for the World Food Summit: five years later (June 2...  
Contacts
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